Monday, April 13, 2020

Rectifier, Inverter, Capacitor, Inductor - Basic what need to know


Rectifier

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). The process is known as rectification.



Usual rectifiers:

Vacuum tube diodes, mercury-arc valves, solid-state diodes, silicon-controlled rectifiers and other silicon-based semiconductor switches.



Rectifier Circuit

Single phase Half Wave Rectifier:




                                                      Fig: Half wave rectifier circuit with a diode



Single phase Full Wave Rectifier

  


                                                            Fig: Full wave bridge rectifier



Inverter

A power inverter, or inverter, is an electrical power converter that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC); the converted AC can be at any required voltage and frequency with the use of appropriate transformers, switching, and control circuits.



Capacitor

A capacitor (originally known as condenser) is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy in an electric field. That is at least two electrical conductors separated by a dielectric (insulator).

 

Applications of capacitors

·         Energy storage
o   A capacitor can store electric energy when disconnected from its charging circuit, so it can be used like a temporary battery. Capacitors are commonly used in electronic devices to maintain power supply while batteries are being changed. (This prevents loss of information in volatile memory.)
·         Power factor correction
·         Suppression and coupling
·         Noise filters and snubbers
·         Motor starters
·         Signal processing
·         Sensing


Inductor

An inductor (also choke, coil, or reactor) is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in its magnetic field.


When the current flowing through an inductor changes, a time-varying magnetic field is created inside the coil, and a voltage is induced, according to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, which by Lenz’s law opposes the change in current that created it.

No comments: